abstract：:Cytokines are increasingly recognized as important components of the cellular immune responses to intracellular pathogens. In this study, we analyzed the production of TGF-beta, IL-10 and IFN-gamma by PBMC of unexposed naïve subjects and LCL patients after stimulation with live Leishmania guyanensis (L.g.). We demonst...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Bourreau E,Ronet C,Couppié P,Sainte-Marie D,Tacchini-Cottier F,Launois P

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helicobacter pylori activates extracellular-signal related (ERK) kinases in gastric epithelial cells, via transactivation of the EGF receptor (EGFR). H. pylori activation of EGFR may be relevant to epithelial hyperproliferation and gastric carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to develop an 'In-Cell Western' (ICW)...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Du Y,Danjo K,Robinson PA,Crabtree JE

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:C/EBPbeta plays a pivotal role in activation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in monocytes/macrophages. However, mechanisms for functional regulation of C/EBPbeta remain uncharacterized. Previous studies indicated that NF-kappaB activation by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, which activates T...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Horie R,Ishida T,Maruyama-Nagai M,Ito K,Watanabe M,Yoneyama A,Higashihara M,Kimura S,Watanabe T

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Attenuated pre-erythrocytic stage malaria vaccines protect humans from sporozoite challenge. Current technology limits the feasibility of their commercial scale production and poses a significant risk of contamination with transmissible agents. Overcoming these barriers will be very challenging. In contrast, subunit v...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Ripley Ballou W

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty years ago we reported the first synthetic peptide-based anti-malarial vaccine named SPf66, which conferred limited protective efficacy in large-scale human field-trials. Our efforts towards a second vaccine generation based on the rational selection of conserved high activity binding peptides (HABPs) whose crit...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Lozano JM,Patarroyo ME

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reduction of transmission is important for effective malaria control. Standard microscopic detection grossly underestimates the human transmission reservoir. Malaria transmission intensity is defined by local and focal conditions. Transmission-blocking vaccines may be effective by directly targeting identified hot spo...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Sauerwein RW

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The occurrence of Bacillus thuringiensis bacteremia in a neutropenic patient suffering from severe pulmonary disease addressed the question of whether the aggressive behavior of B. thuringiensis depended on the host status and/or on the membrane-damaging toxins the isolate produced. After intratracheal injection, BALB...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Ghelardi E,Celandroni F,Salvetti S,Fiscarelli E,Senesi S

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Research into intracellular sensing of microbial products is an up and coming field in innate immunity. Nod1 and Nod2 are members of the rapidly expanding family of NACHT domain-containing proteins involved in intracellular recognition of bacterial products. Nods proteins are involved in the cytosolic detection of pep...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Bourhis LL,Werts C

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GB virus B (GBV-B) infection of New World monkeys is considered to be a useful surrogate model for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. GBV-B replicates in the liver and induces acute resolving hepatitis but little is known whether the other organs could be permissive for the virus. We investigated the viral tropism of ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Ishii K,Iijima S,Kimura N,Lee YJ,Ageyama N,Yagi S,Yamaguchi K,Maki N,Mori K,Yoshizaki S,Machida S,Suzuki T,Iwata N,Sata T,Terao K,Miyamura T,Akari H

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helicobacter pylori infection is highly prevalent in Chile (73%). Usually a minority of infected patients develops complications such as ulcers and gastric cancer that have been associated with the presence of virulence factors (cagA, vacA) and host T helper response (Th1/Th2). Our aim was to evaluate the relationship...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Serrano C,Diaz MI,Valdivia A,Godoy A,Peña A,Rollan A,Kirberg A,Hebel E,Fierro J,Klapp G,Venegas A,Harris PR

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previously, we demonstrated that Valpha14+ NKT cells and IFN-gamma are important upstream components in neutrophil-mediated host defense against infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae. In the present study, we extended these findings by elucidating the role of IFN-gamma in this Valpha14+ NKT cell-promoted process. Ad...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Nakamatsu M,Yamamoto N,Hatta M,Nakasone C,Kinjo T,Miyagi K,Uezu K,Nakamura K,Nakayama T,Taniguchi M,Iwakura Y,Kaku M,Fujita J,Kawakami K

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chemokine receptor CCR6 is expressed on naïve B cells, dendritic cell and T-cell subpopulations and is involved in cell navigation during organogenesis and recruitment in response to inflammatory stimuli. Gene-deficient C57BL/6 CCR6(-/-) mice infected with the protozoan parasite Leishmania (L.) major were able to ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Lechner A,Ritter U,Varona R,Marquez G,Bogdan C,Körner H

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Afipia felis is a Gram-negative alpha-proteobacterium, a rare cause of human cat scratch disease (CSD), and likely a pathogen of amoeba. Here, we show that various members of the genus Afipia attach to and are taken up by various non-professional phagocytic mammalian cells (epithelial CHO, endothelial EA.hy926, epithe...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Schueller C,Schneider B,Kempf VA,Haas A

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) is the gold standard for taxonomy and strain typing of Leishmania, but has some limitations. An alternative reliable and fast genotyping method for addressing population genetic and key epidemiological questions, is multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT). MLMT using 15 markers...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Kuhls K,Keilonat L,Ochsenreither S,Schaar M,Schweynoch C,Presber W,Schönian G

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several observations suggest that inhibition of the host complement alternative pathway by Ixodes tick saliva is crucial to achieve blood feeding. We recently described two paralogous anti-complement proteins called Ixodes ricinus anti-complement (IRAC) proteins I and II co-expressed in I. ricinus salivary glands. Phy...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Schroeder H,Daix V,Gillet L,Renauld JC,Vanderplasschen A

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human infection with Toxoplasma gondii is generally asymptomatic in immunocompetent adults while it causes significant morbidity in congenitally infected children. Cell mediated immunity plays the main role in host resistance to T. gondii infection and a Th1 cytokine profile is necessary for protection and control of ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Guglietta S,Beghetto E,Spadoni A,Buffolano W,Del Porto P,Gargano N

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In refractory mosquitoes, melanotic encapsulation of Plasmodium ookinetes and oocysts is a commonly observed immune response. However, in susceptible mosquitoes, Plasmodium oocysts develop extracellularly in the body cavity without being recognized by the immune system. Like Plasmodium gallinaceum oocysts, negatively ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Warburg A,Shtern A,Cohen N,Dahan N

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phocid herpesvirus virus type 2 (PhHV-2), a putative gammaherpesvirus of seals, has been isolated from harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus). In the present study, different PhHV-2 isolates were shown to have a broad in vitro tropism for various cell types from several mammalian species. In...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Martina BE,Verjans GM,Kuiken T,van Amerongen G,Osterhaus AD

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gliotoxin is a mycotoxin having a considerable number of immuno-suppressive actions and is produced by several moulds such as Aspergillus fumigatus. In this study, we investigated its toxic effects on human neutrophils at concentrations corresponding to those found in the blood of patients with invasive aspergillosis....

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Coméra C,André K,Laffitte J,Collet X,Galtier P,Maridonneau-Parini I

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral protein R (Vpr), an accessory protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), induces the G2 cell cycle arrest in fission yeast for which host factors, such as Wee1 and Rad24, are required. Catalyzing the inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc2, Wee1 is known to serve as a major regulator of G2/M transition i...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Matsuda N,Tanaka H,Yamazaki S,Suzuki J,Tanaka K,Yamada T,Masuda M

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the roles of the regulatory molecules glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor family-related protein (GITR) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) in murine infection with the nematode parasite Trichinella spiralis. Expression of GITR and CTLA-4 was rapidly upregulated on cells in the mes...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Furze RC,Culley FJ,Selkirk ME

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The strategies used by bacterial pathogens to circumvent host defense mechanisms remain largely undefined in bivalve molluscs. In this study, we investigated experimentally the interactions between the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) immune system and Vibrio aestuarianus strain 01/32, a pathogenic bacterium origina...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Labreuche Y,Lambert C,Soudant P,Boulo V,Huvet A,Nicolas JL

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intramuscular immunization with DNA vaccines has been shown to induce a broad range of immune responses and protective immunity in many animal models, but it is less effective in primates. One reason for this may be the low expression of vector-encoded antigen in cells. Here we report that the use of vaccine vector (p...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Wu CJ,Li TL,Huang HW,Tao MH,Chan YL

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tonsilloliths are a potential cause of oral malodor. In this study, microbial profiles and composition of tonsilloliths were determined using culture-independent molecular methods and scanning electron microscopy. 16S ribosomal RNA bacterial genes (16S rDNAs) isolated from tonsilloliths of 6 individuals were amplified...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Tsuneishi M,Yamamoto T,Kokeguchi S,Tamaki N,Fukui K,Watanabe T

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isolates of Toxoplasma gondii, which is responsible for a wide range of clinical manifestations are grouped into three clonal lineages of different virulence in mice. However, it is not clear whether this genotypic pattern is associated with the clinical profile of the disease in humans nor is the geographical distrib...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Peyron F,Lobry JR,Musset K,Ferrandiz J,Gomez-Marin JE,Petersen E,Meroni V,Rausher B,Mercier C,Picot S,Cesbron-Delauw MF

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:E protein is a membrane component of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Disruption of E protein may reduce viral infectivity. Thus, the SARS-CoV E protein is considered a potential target for the development of antiviral drugs. However, the cellular immune responses to E protein remain unclear i...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Peng H,Yang LT,Li J,Lu ZQ,Wang LY,Koup RA,Bailer RT,Wu CY

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterium Haemophilus ducreyi causes the sexually transmitted disease chancroid, which is characterized by the appearance of mucocutaneous, persistent ulcers on the external genitals. To identify carbohydrate receptors that mediate the attachment of this pathogen to host cells, we investigated the binding of 35S-m...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Pantzar M,Teneberg S,Lagergård T

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Repetitive exposure of macrophages to microbial antigen is known to tolerize them to further stimulation and to inhibit proinflammatory cytokine release. Using transgenic (Tg) mice that incorporate the entire HIV-1 genome we have previously shown that toll like receptor (TLR)-2, -4, and -9 ligands induced tolerance as...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Equils O,Salehi KK,Cornateanu R,Lu D,Singh S,Whittaker K,Baldwin GC

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two candidate DNA vaccines based on the proteins CFP10 and CFP21 encoded by regions of difference (RDs) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were evaluated individually and in multivalent combination with the immunodominant protein Ag85B for induction of protective immune responses against experimental tuberculosis. Experime...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Grover A,Ahmed MF,Singh B,Verma I,Sharma P,Khuller GK

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this report, we examined the genetic diversity of HIV-1 strains circulating in the city of Beira, the second largest metropolitan area in Mozambique. A total of 131 blood samples, collected between August and October 2003 from antiretroviral-naïve individuals, were characterized with a combined approach consisting ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Parreira R,Piedade J,Domingues A,Lobão D,Santos M,Venenno T,Baptista JL,Mussa SA,Barreto AT,Baptista AJ,Esteves A

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:BCG rectal administration to newborn and adult mice induced protective immune responses against tuberculosis. BCG reaches the sub-epithelial site and the draining mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), and dendritic cells (DC) could be recruited to these sites. Using polarized Caco-2 epithelial cells, we showed that BCG trans...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Abolhassani M,Lagranderie M,Caminshi I,Romain F,Balazuc AM,Wagner MC,Tanguy M,Fiette L,Sobhani I,Milon G,Marchal G

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular replication of Cryptosporidium parvum (Apicomplexa) involves the generation of several asexual and sexual forms of the parasite. During the stage conversions, complex mechanisms lead to differential structural and functional properties of the parasite. These require a well tuned gene transcription machin...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Jakobi V,Petry F

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The iron-limitation-inducible protein FrpB of Neisseria meningitidis is an outer-membrane-localized siderophore receptor. Because of its abundance and its capacity to elicit bactericidal antibodies, it is considered a vaccine candidate. Bactericidal antibodies against FrpB are, however, type-specific. Hence, an FrpB-b...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Kortekaas J,Müller SA,Ringler P,Gregorini M,Weynants VE,Rutten L,Bos MP,Tommassen J

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) effector protein EspG, like the Shigella effector VirA, functions through disruption of the host cell microtubule network. Reports have differed as to whether the EspG homologue, EspG2, is also responsible for microtubule disruption. In this study we show that following tra...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Smollett K,Shaw RK,Garmendia J,Knutton S,Frankel G

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Surfactant protein C (SP-C) is a highly hydrophobic protein found in pulmonary surfactant. SP-C is synthesized exclusively in alveolar type II cells as a 21 kDa integral membrane precursor protein and subsequently proteolytically processed to a 3.7 kDa secretory protein. SP-C enhances the adsorption and spreading of p...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Mulugeta S,Beers MF

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of skin infections. We recently described an outbreak of recurrent furunculosis involving methicillin-resistant S. aureus among mentally retarded adults. We sought to determine the role of impaired neutrophil functions in its pathogenesis. Blood neutrophil functions were det...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Gilad J,Borer A,Smolyakov R,Riesenberg K,Schlaeffer F,Levy R

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously reported that mice immunized with the mycobacterial 27-kDa lipoprotein were more susceptible to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) challenge. We also showed that 27-kDa lipoprotein abrogated the protection afforded by the BCG vaccine when administrated together, suggesting that the 27-kDa lipoprotein ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Hovav AH,Mullerad J,Maly A,Davidovitch L,Fishman Y,Bercovier H

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro cell culture models used to study how Salmonella initiates disease at the intestinal epithelium would benefit from the recognition that organs and tissues function in a three-dimensional (3-D) environment and that this spatial context is necessary for development of cultures that more realistically resemble i...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Höner zu Bentrup K,Ramamurthy R,Ott CM,Emami K,Nelman-Gonzalez M,Wilson JW,Richter EG,Goodwin TJ,Alexander JS,Pierson DL,Pellis N,Buchanan KL,Nickerson CA

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infects cells by membrane fusion that is mediated by the envelope proteins gp120/gp41 and the cellular receptors CD4 and CCR5. During this process, some conserved viral epitopes are temporarily exposed and may induce a neutralizing antibody response when fixed in the fusogenic co...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Zipeto D,Matucci A,Ripamonti C,Scarlatti G,Rossolillo P,Turci M,Sartoris S,Tridente G,Bertazzoni U

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genomics is accelerating the progress in data generation and interpretation in the global analyses of components of cells, including the spectrum of lipids, RNA, metabolites, proteins, mutational phenotypes or DNA methylation sites. Integration of the knowledge generated by these diverse strategies is predicted to hav...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Boshoff HI,Manjunatha UH

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00